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Mirabello Route Brief

Golden visa routes into Europe, compared for 2026

Residency by investment (golden visa) grants a renewable residence permit, not a passport, and citizenship is never automatic. This brief ranks the active European residency-by-investment routes by the Mirabello Investment Migration Index composite, with the official source and verification date on every figure.

2026 Q3 Edition, updated 2026-07-05Ranked by the Mirabello Investment Migration IndexEvery figure carries its official source and verification date
Route 1

Slovenia Business Residence

EUR 50,000 from, residence permit

Minimum investment: EUR 50,000, Company (d.o.o. + ~€50k fixed-asset investment)Source: gov.si, verified 2026-06-04 (confidence 92)
Processing time: not publishedProvisional, verify against the official source
Visa-free access: not publishedProvisional, verify against the official source
Path: Naturalisation generally after 10 years' total residence including 5 continuous years immediately before application, with B1-level Slovenian language, lawful income, and clean record; renunciation of prior citizenship is generally required.Source: gov.si, verified 2026-06-04 (confidence 92)

Index confidence 92, last verified 2026-06-04. Full programme detail →

Route 2

Portugal Golden Visa

EUR 250,000 from, Schengen Area, visa-free travel across 27 European countries

Minimum investment: EUR 250,000, Investment fund / cultural / scientificSource: aima.gov.pt, verified 2026-03-20 (confidence 92)
Processing time: 12-18 months (official). Real-world timeline: 18-40 months due to AIMA backlogs. monthsSource: aima.gov.pt, verified 2026-03-20 (confidence 92)
Visa-free access: not publishedProvisional, verify against the official source
Path: ENACTED LAW (Lei Orgânica 1/2026, Diário da República, in force 19 May 2026): 7 years of legal residence for EU and CPLP (Lusophone) nationals; 10 years for all other nationalities (was 5 years for all prior to 19 May 2026). GV/ARI holders follow the same timeline. Requires A2 Portuguese language test, clean criminal record, ties to community. Transitional provisions protect applicants who paid AIMA fees or filed IRN citizenship applications before 19 May 2026. Portuguese passport = EU citizenship with 187 visa-free countries.Source: diariodarepublica.pt, verified 2026-06-28 (confidence 90)

Index confidence 89, last verified 2026-06-28. Full programme detail →

Route 3

Greece Golden Visa

EUR 250,000 from, Schengen Area, visa-free travel across 27 European countries

Minimum investment: EUR 250,000, Real-estate investment (tiered 250k-800k)Source: et.gr, verified 2026-06-28 (confidence 92)
Processing time: 3-9 months (improved from 12-18 months in 2023-2024) monthsSource: migration.gov.gr, verified 2026-03-20 (confidence 92)
Visa-free access: not publishedProvisional, verify against the official source
Path: 7 years of actual residence in Greece (must spend majority of time in Greece, pass language exam, demonstrate integration)Source: migration.gov.gr, verified 2026-03-20 (confidence 92)

Index confidence 91, last verified 2026-06-28. Full programme detail →

Route 4

Malta Global Residence Programme (GRP)

EUR 220,000 from, residence permit

Minimum investment: EUR 220,000, Tax-residence by property (purchase EUR 220k-275k or lease)Provisional, verify against the official source
Processing time: 3-6 months monthsProvisional, verify against the official source
Visa-free access: not publishedProvisional, verify against the official source
Path: Possible after meeting standard naturalisation requirements (typically 5+ years continuous residence).Provisional, verify against the official source

Index confidence n/a, last verified n/a. Full programme detail →

Route 5

Cyprus Permanent Residency

EUR 300,000 from, EU member state. Visa-free travel within EU (but Cyprus is NOT in the Schengen Area, separate visa regime). Cypriot permanent residents can travel within the EU but may need separate visa for Schengen-specific travel in some cases.

Minimum investment: EUR 300,000, Real-estate investmentSource: mip.gov.cy, verified 2026-03-20 (confidence 92)
Processing time: 4-6 months (one of the fastest in Europe) monthsSource: mip.gov.cy, verified 2026-03-20 (confidence 92)
Visa-free access: not publishedProvisional, verify against the official source
Path: 8 years of legal residence in Cyprus. Must be physically present for the majority of those 8 years. Must pass basic Greek language exam (A2 level). Cypriot passport offers 177 visa-free countries.Source: mip.gov.cy, verified 2026-03-20 (confidence 92)

Index confidence 89, last verified 2026-03-20. Full programme detail →

Route 6

Bulgaria Investor Permanent Residence

EUR 512,000 from, residence permit

Minimum investment: EUR 512,000, FSC-licensed fund investment (5-yr → PR)Source: mvr.bg, verified 2026-06-04 (confidence 92)
Processing time: Approximately 3-7 months from application to permanent-residence card in hand (Get Golden Visa: 3-6 months; New Balkans Law Office: 5-7 months) monthsSource: mvr.bg, verified 2026-06-04 (confidence 92)
Visa-free access: not publishedProvisional, verify against the official source
Path: Discretionary naturalisation commonly cited at 5 years of permanent residence, subject to a Bulgarian language exam (sources vary A1/A2), Citizenship Council review and presidential decree. Renunciation of prior citizenship may be required for some applicants.Source: mvr.bg, verified 2026-06-04 (confidence 92)

Index confidence 92, last verified 2026-06-04. Full programme detail →

How to read this brief. Routes are ranked from Mirabello's live dataset. Each figure shows the official source it was verified against and the date. Where a figure is marked provisional, treat it as indicative and confirm against the linked government source before acting. Programme terms change, sometimes with short notice. This is general information, not investment, legal, tax or financial advice.

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Compare the full ranked field on the golden visa and residency hub, or explore the methodology on the Investment Migration Index.

Mirabello Route Briefs present general information about citizenship and residency by investment programmes, ranked from a verified dataset with official-source citations. They are not investment, legal, tax or financial advice, and no client relationship is formed by reading them. Programme figures are time-sensitive: governments change thresholds, fees and rules, so verify any figure against the linked official source before acting. A Mirabello specialist confirms eligibility and next steps for your specific case.